Publications in the series 'Guides sur la diversite biologique de Madagascar' serve several important purposes: To allow the dissemination of information, particularly in this case knowledge on the Malagasy biota; To allow Malagasy researchers to participate in an international forum of information exchange and the advancement of science; As an important step in the capacity building of emerging young Malagasy biologists. In French. A guide to the identification and natural history of the small mammals of Madagascar, with color photos and illustrations.